The Albert Einstein College of Medicine has received a five-year, $14 million-a-year grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to participate in a broad national effort to develop plug-and-play and antibody-based vaccines. treatments against a wide range of emerging viruses. The grant is part of NIAID’s new Vaccine and Monoclonal Antibody Research and Development Network for Pandemic Preparedness (ReVAMPP), which was announced earlier today.
“Covid-19 has taught us a lot about pandemic preparedness, and we want to make sure we build on what has worked well,” said Kartik Chandran, Ph.D., the principal investigator on the grant and a professor of microbiology and immunology. Gertrude. and David Feinson Chair in Medicine, and the Harold and Muriel Block Faculty Scholar in Virology at Einstein. “One of the key lessons from the COVID pandemic is that existing research on a family of viruses allows scientists to develop vaccines and therapeutics for a particular virus much more quickly. In our work, we plan to create a critical knowledge base for groups similar viruses and then—?if a related ‘virus X’ poses a health threat—to develop specific countermeasures as soon as possible to save as many lives as possible.”
The Einstein-led consortium, called PROVIDENT (Prepositioning Optimized Strategies for Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics Against Diverse Emerging Infectious Threats), will connect 13 teams in academia, government and industry who will conduct four projects designed to:
- Discover and analyze virus-host interactions and molecular mechanisms involved in viral disease.
- Design proteins to elicit antiviral immune responses and then evaluate and optimize those responses.
- Creating ‘roadmaps’ for the rapid development of RNA vaccines against microbes with pandemic potential. and
- Map the antibody responses seen in people infected with viruses and use this knowledge to design vaccines and therapeutics.
PROVIDENT builds on NIAID’s 2021 Pandemic Preparedness Plan, a sweeping federal program designed to address the uncertainties inherent in safeguarding global health from infectious diseases. The two-part plan focuses on “priority pathogens” and “prototype pathogens”—basically, the knowns and unknowns of the viral world. Priority pathogens include viruses known to cause significant human illness or death, such as dengue virus and Ebola virus.
Protopathogens—the focus of PROVIDENT—are representative viruses in families that have the potential to cause significant human disease. “We plan to select and study one or two prototype viruses from each family and then develop countermeasures that will work against as many viruses within that family as possible,” Dr Chandran said.
This strategy of quickly responding to an emerging virus with an approach and tools already developed is what we mean by plug and play.
Kartik Chandran, Ph.D., Gertrude and David Feinson Chair in Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Part of PROVIDENT’s strategy will be to conduct “sprints” in which countermeasures developed for the original pathogens are tested against other viruses in the same family to see how well they work and improve.
PROVIDENT will focus on three families of viruses: nairoviruses, transmitted by ticks (e.g. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus), handaviruses, carried by rodents and other small mammals (e.g. Sin Nombre virus and other agents that cause handavirus pulmonary syndrome) and paramyxoviruses, which affect bats and other mammals, including domestic animals (eg Nipah virus).
“This approach allowed researchers to move quickly during the COVID-19 pandemic,” said Dr. Chandran. “What have we learned from previous outbreaks caused by coronaviruses, including SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome] in 2002 and MERS [Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome] a decade later, it helped us create diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.”
“Recent outbreaks of mpox, Nipah virus, and eastern equine encephalitis, among other viral infections, underscore the need for an even broader preparedness program,” said Eva Mittler, Ph.D., assistant research professor at Einstein and lead of one of the PROVIDENT components. “We don’t know which virus will cause the next pandemic.”
“The primary goal of PROVIDENT and the other centers in the ReVAMPP Network is to coordinate their efforts to increase our chances of a timely and effective response,” added Dr. Chandran.
Projects and cores in PROVIDENT will be led by:
- Kartik Chandran, PhD., Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Eva Mittler, Ph.D., Einstein
- Jason McLellan, Ph.D., University of Texas, Austin, TX
- Courtney Cohen, Ph.D., US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD (USAMRIID)
- John Cooke, MD, Ph.D., Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX (HMRI)
- Eva Harris, Ph.D. University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
- Stephanie Monticelli, Ph.D., USAMRIID
- Steven Bradfoot, Ph.D., University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
- Andrew Herbert, Ph.D., USAMRIID
- Jesse Erasmus, Ph.D., HDT Bio, Seattle, WA
- Jimmy Gollihar, Ph.D., HMRI
The following scientists and institutions will also play critical roles in PROVIDENT:
- Zachary Bornholdt, PhD., Eitr Biologics, Inc., San Diego, CA
- Daniel Boutz, Ph.D., HMRI
- Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Ph.D., National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Catalina Florez, Ph.D., USAMRIID
- Bronwyn Gunn, Ph.D., Washington State University, Pullman, WA
- Andrew Horton, Ph.D., HMRI
- Amit Khandhar, Ph.D., HDT Bio
- Taishi Kimura, PhD., HDT Bio
- Jonathan Lai, Ph.D., Einstein
- Jodi McGill, Ph.D., Iowa State University, Ames, IA
- Crystal Moyer, Ph.D., Eitr Biologics
- Thomas Segall-Shapiro, Ph.D., HMRI
- Simone Sidoli, Ph.D., Einstein
- E. Taylor Stone, PhD., HDT Bio
- Francesca Taraballi, Ph.D., HMRI
- Cecilia Vial, Ph.D., Universidad del Desarollo, Santiago, Chile
- Pablo Vial, MD, Universidad del Desarollo
- Zhongde Wang, Ph.D., Utah State University, Logan, UT
