Lung cancer remains one of the main causes of cancer -related mortality, with adenocarcinoma of the lungs (LUAD) and lung carcinoma (LUSC) that represent the most widespread subtypes of non -microcellular cancer. Despite their classification under the same umbrella, these two forms of lung cancer have separate genetic landscapes, therapeutic goals and treatment reactions.
Recent developments in next -generation gene sequence have identified basic driver genes that differentiate Luad and LUSC, affecting the corresponding clinical management approaches. Luad is often associated with mutations in EGFR, KRAS, ALK and BRAF, while LUSC is more commonly associated with changes in PIK3CA, FGFR1 and DDR2. These genetic differences dictate the effectiveness of targeted therapies, making it necessary to adapt the treatment strategies based on specific molecular profiles.
The divergence between Luad and LUSC extends beyond genetics, affecting chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapy effects. For example, a member -based chemotherapy shows significant efficacy in patients with Luad, but lacks significant benefits to LUSC due to differences in the expression of thymidal synthetic synthesis. Similarly, targeted treatments such as EGFR (TKIS) inhibitors have converted the therapeutic landscape for Luad, while the absence of widely used mutations in continued challenges. However, recent discoveries in necitumumab -based treatments have shown a promise to improve survival rates for LUSC patients with EGFR over -expression.
Immunotherapy has been promoted as a cornerstone in treatment with NSCLC, but the tumor microenvision varies significantly between Luad and LUSC, affecting the responses to immune control inhibitors. While PD-L1 expression levels often serve as prognostic biomarkers, additional research on epigenetic regulation of immunocommiles can pave the way for more effective combination treatments. Emerging targets, including EZH2, BRD4 and NSD3, are subject to research to enhance the effectiveness of current treatment.
Underlining the molecular and clinical discrimination between Luad and Lusc, this latest review highlights the importance of medical precision in the treatment of lung cancer. As the research progresses, the integration of genomic knowledge with personalized therapeutic strategies will help improve patients’ results and revolution in the fight against lung cancer.
Source:
Magazine report:
Shen, Y, et al. (2024). Differences between lung adenocarcinoma and lung lung cancer: driver genes, therapeutic goals and clinical efficacy. Genes and diseases. doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2024.101374.
