Research reveals separate blood pressure patterns in adults in South Asia and East Asia

Adults in South Asia and East Asia living in the United Kingdom may have separate orbits to develop high blood pressure in their lives, according to a new study published in Hypertension, American Heart Association Journal.

The researchers analyzed the health records for more than 3,400 adults enrolled in the United Kingdom Biobank, who were identified as the nationality of South Asia or East Asia. Previous studies have found that people of South Asia who lived in the United Kingdom had a significantly higher risk of heart disease caused by blocked arteries or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVDs), compared to people with European descent, as well as European descent living in the United States had higher mortality rates than ASCVD compared to white adults. Here, the researchers investigated the differences in long -term blood pressure patterns and their possible effects on cardiovascular disease of differences between adults in South Asia and East Asia.

High blood pressure and its management vary widely between racial and ethnic populations, and the often used “Asian” category hides these differences. This is vital, as high blood pressure at an early age contributes significantly to the premature risk of heart disease and since emerging initiatives to study the separate cardiovascular profile in different Asian hypokois. “

So mi jemma cho, ph.D., Study writer, Postdoctoral Associate at Massachusetts General Hospital and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard

The study used data for adults in South Asia and East Asia that had at least two blood pressure readings during primary care visits after 18 years of age. The researchers attended the events of participants’ heart disease, including heart attacks, stroke and peripheral artery, using hospitalization and external patients. Based on these basic differences, as well as risk factors, including current smoking, nutritional score and metric social crucial importance of health, researchers estimate the patterns risk of cardiovascular disease.

The analysis found that:

• Adults in South Asia were submitted earlier and faster increases in blood pressure compared to adults in East Asia. At the age of 30, the average projected systolic blood pressure was 124.9 mmHg in South Asian men and 107.4 mmHg in South Asian women compared to 120.7 mmHg and 105.7 mmHg in men and women in the east Asia.
• On average, South Asian men are expected to reach systolic (upper) blood pressure of 130 mmHg or higher, sorted as high blood pressure from the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline for prevention, detection, evaluation and management High blood pressure in adults, 10 years earlier than East Asian men (at 36 versus 46 years). For women, the gap was 7 years (45 versus 52 years).
• The combined projection for South Asian men and women reaching a systolic blood pressure of 130 mmHg was 40 years old, compared to the age of 49 for men and women of East Asia-a 9-year-old difference.
• For South Asia adults, the high blood pressure observed in early adulthood was associated with higher risks to cardiovascular disease. For adults in East Asia, the highest blood pressure in middle life was associated with the highest atherosclerotic risk of cardiovascular disease. Even at ages 65 and older, high blood pressure was associated with an increased risk of stroke.
• Any standard deviation increasing the systolic blood pressure of average life in adults in East Asia was associated with almost 2.5 times higher risk for ASCVD and almost four times the risk of stroke. Systolic blood pressure in adults in eastern Asia aged 65 and older was significantly associated with all types of stroke risk.
• Diastolic blood pressure of adulthood was heavily associated with the peripheral artery in adults in South Asia (2.18 times higher risk per standard deviation).
• These findings were consistent when examining blood pressure trajectory based on genetic origin, despite self-recognized nationality.

“These findings demonstrate the need to adapt blood pressure and treatment time for different Asian subpopulations to promote personalized care and prevention strategies for historically undervalued communities,” said Senior writer Pradeep Natarajan, MD. . “The distinct age -related blood pressure patterns provide valuable knowledge for better cardiovascular risk management and improve care for different populations.”

Study details, background and design:

• Health data came from the United Kingdom Biobank, a study of 503,325 adults living in the United Kingdom, who were 40 to 69 years of registration between 2006 and 2010. Primary care in the US).

• This analysis included 3,453 participants. 3,077 by the participants themselves identified themselves as coming from South Asia and 376 by participants who identified themselves as from East Asia. 47% of South Asia participants identified themselves as women and 53% as men. 64.9% of participants in East Asia were identified as women and 35.1% as men.

• The 2017 ACC/AHA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation and management of high blood pressure in adults classifies high blood pressure as blood pressure measures from above or bottom larger or equal to 130/80 mm Hg.

• Within the United Kingdom Biobank, participants who identified themselves as coming from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal or Sri Lanka are defined as southern Asia. Participants who identify themselves as coming from China are defined as East Asia.

• The characteristics of participants in the UK enrollment of Biobank included:

  • South Asian adults had higher blood pressure readings and were at least three times more likely to be in antihypertensive drugs compared to East Asia adults.
  • South Asian adults had a higher body weight on average, measured by the body mass index, with an average of 27.6 kg/m² compared to 24.2 mg/m² In adults in East Asia.
  • South Asian adults had slightly lower levels of “bad” LDL cholesterol (128.1 versus 133.4 mg/dl), probably because they were more often prescribed cholesterol reduction drugs (27.5% versus 10.6%).

• The results and health files collected after registration found that:

  • High blood pressure has affected almost twice as much more adults in South Asia than East Asian adults by 40 years.
  • South Asian adults were more likely to start taking drugs for high blood pressure three years earlier (aged 53.7 versus 56.9 years and in SBP 143 mmHg and 141 mmHg, respectively).
  • Adults in South Asia had four times the life of heart disease caused by blocked arteries by East Asian adults (3.5 versus 0.9 per 1,000-year-olds).

• The main risk factors included in the projections were: the current smoking condition, which is defined as smoking during the lifetime of at least 100 cigarettes and no indication of interruption during registration. The nutritional score was quantified on the basis of the self-imprinted average intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, dairy and vegetable oils, sophisticated granules, meat and pastry by the Eatwell Guide to the UK. And the socio -economic situation was determined using the Townsend deprivation index, which is based on possession, car ownership, home ownership and overcrowding of households.

Study restrictions include that its findings may not apply to Asian people living outside the United Kingdom, as differences in health systems, living environments and cultural adaptation could affect the results.

“The authors provide significant evidence that they argue that cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension are not uniform experience between different communities that often but inappropriately traded under the label of the” Asian “race, said Nlay S. Shah, MD, MP, MP, Faha, president of the Asian president The scientific statement of 2024 “Social Decorative Factors of Cardiovascular Health in Asian Americans”. General and preventive cardiologist at the Northwestern cardiovascular Institute of Bluhm, and in Chicago.

“It is increasingly recognized that nationality is distinct from biological reports such as genetics. Given the ability of the authors to evaluate both of them, these findings that show that the epidemiology of hypertension varies both with self -determined Asian nationality and the Genetic Asian descent should cause more exploration of differences in social risk factors that can explain the differences in hypertension and the results of the CVD between the nationality groups mentioned with self -reported Asian.

“Finally, these findings from a population of the United Kingdom of Asian adults indicate a complex interaction of social factors and genetics resulting in different experiences of hypertension in Asian populations. Asian populations.”