A new study finds that staying active for just more than two hours a week can significantly overturn the balance back to healthy blood sugar levels, stressing how exercise, weight and glycemic control collectively affect the risk of diabetes.
Study: Factors related to the reversal of prediabetes to patients from cardiovascular risk program during 2019 – 2023. Credit Picture: Neirfy / Shutterstock
Participation in physical activity for over 150 minutes a week can significantly reduce the evolution from Prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, as mentioned in a recent study published in the journal Cardiovascular Diabetes – Endocrinology Reports.
Background
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that may increase the risk of various health complications, including cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. A level of fasting blood glucose 126 mg/dl or higher or a level of glycosylated hemoglobin (glycemic control) 6.5% or higher, is indicative of type 2 diabetes.
Prediabetes is an intermediate condition where blood glucose levels are higher than normal but lower than the diabetic range. A fasting blood glucose area of ​​100 to 125 mg/dl or range of glycosylated hemoglobin from 5.7% to 6.4% is indicative of prediabetes. A result of the oral glucose tolerance test 140-199 mg/dl after a 75G glucose load is also characterized as prediabetes according to the ADA criteria.
Unhealthy lifestyle habits, including an unhealthy eating and natural inactivity, are the main modifiable risk factors for both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Several studies have shown that timely implementation of lifestyle interventions, such as low -level interventions, such as diet and low -level diet in Activity can significantly reduce the risk of developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes and delay or even reverse the evolution of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.
Various multi -scientific cardiovascular risk programs have begun to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in predatory and diabetic patients through lifestyle interventions. Similarly, strategies have been developed to identify people who have been prescribed in type 2 diabetes to reduce diabetes prevalence and improve management.
Monitoring prediabetes in structured cardiovascular risk programs is such a strategy, which can help identify factors related to disease progression or reversal.
Current study
With the aim of promoting public health through these strategies, the current study was designed to identify factors related to the reversal of prediabetes in normal glycaemia (normal blood glucose) in adults living with prediabetes.
The study included a total of 130 prepositional adults who participated in a cardiovascular risk program at a Cali Center in Cali, Colombia, between 2019 and 2023. All participants received quarterly, multi -scientific evaluations, including internal medicine, nutrition, nutrition. Physical activity was measured using the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity (IPAQ). Nutritional guidance has been personalized and the 7% weight loss target aims at overweight or obese people.
Basic findings
The evaluation of predatory adults revealed that the reversal of prediabetes in normal glymia occurred in 21.5% of cases, prediabetes remain in 64.6% of cases and the evolution of type 2 diabetes appeared in 13.8% of cases during the 366 days of surveillance.
The study recognized the age, body mass index (BMI) and glycosemate hemoglobin as a powerful predictor of the probability of prediabetes in the reversal of normaloglycimia in the original (bilateral) analysis. Participants aged 60 or older, in people with BMI over 25 years of age and people with hemoglobin glycosyla levels over 6% had 59%, 67% and 74% lower chance of recovering normal blood glucose levels, respectively. However, in the final (multifactorial) model, only BMI and glycosalized hemoglobin remained statistically important prognostic reversal factors, while age was not significant after adjusting for other factors.
Among the amended risk factors, physical activity has had a significant positive effect, and glycosalined hemoglobin and BMI have had a negative impact on the likelihood of reversal of prediabetes with normaloglycaemia. Performing physical activity for at least 150 minutes a week (as validated by IPAQ) was found to increase the possibility of 4.15 times. On the contrary, a level of glycosylated hemoglobin was found above 6% and one BMI above 25 found it reduced the chance of 86% and 75% respectively.
In addition, the study evaluated the glucose/triglycerides index as an insulin resistance index, finding that a higher index was associated with a lower probability of prediabetes. This indicator can be a cost -effective tool for rating risk in resource -limited arrangements.
Importance
The study emphasizes the importance of participating in regular physical activity in reducing the risk of prediabetes that proceed to type 2 diabetes. According to study findings, excessive weight gain and poor glycemic control are the two main factors that can significantly prevent prediabetes in predicts.
Participants in this study underwent specialized periods of periodic evaluation in internal medicine, nutrition, psychology and physiotherapy and received group training from health professionals. These non -pharmacological strategies are known to have a significant positive impact on disease management and health promotion. The program included quarterly clinical and laboratory evaluations, as well as continuous training for healthy eating, physical activity and cardiovascular risk management.
Prediabetes is a health condition that can be prevented, which can manage financially through non -pharmacological initiatives, including educational interventions, multi -scientific monitoring, weight loss plans, nutrition recommendations and training. The findings of the current study support this concept and contribute to public health management programs.
Glycosalized hemoglobin is a reliable indicator of glycemic control over the previous three months, it is considered a better predictor of cardiovascular risk compared to other glycemic control indicators, such as fasting blood glucose levels. The study determined the reversal of normal cacicemia based on a HBA1C level less than 5.7% and a fasting plasma glucose level less than 100 mg/dl, using them as the main outcome criteria. Using this reliable indicator, the current study states that maintaining the levels of glycosalted hemoglobin at 6% or less may be beneficial to the progressive adults in limiting the progression of the disease.
Overall, the scientific data provided by the study on the factors related to the obsession and evolution of Prediabetes would facilitate policy -making in developing policies aimed at reducing diseases and promoting public health. However, as a retroactive study of a center with a relatively short period of surveillance, the findings should be carefully interpreted on their generalization.
More large -scale population studies with longer surveillance duration are required to further extend these findings and more importantly understand the causal correlation of these factors with diabetes management.
