Pain during sex is quite common and is usually temporary. But if you have pain every time you have sex, then it could be due to a health problem. Learn about the ways fibroids can affect your sex life.
Sex is meant for pleasure, but sometimes it can be painful due to an infection or an underlying medical condition such as uterine fibroids. These are non-cancerous growths that develop in the muscle wall of the uterus. They consist of smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue. Many women with fibroids do not experience symptoms, but sometimes they may notice signs such as pain during sex. This is not the only way fibroids can affect women’s sex lives. Fibroids can also have an impact on their sex drive.
Can lack of sex cause fibroids?
There is no scientific evidence to suggest that lack of sexual activity causes fibroids. Fibroids develop due to a variety of factors, mostly related to genetics and hormones, says obstetrician and gynecologist Dr Kanupriya Jain. Here are some possible causes:
- Estrogen and progesterone, two hormones that stimulate the growth of the lining of the uterus during each menstrual cycle, appear to promote the growth of fibroids.
- Many fibroids contain genetic alterations that differ from those in normal uterine muscle cells, so these genetic changes can lead to fibroids.
- The Extracellular Matrix makes cells stick together and can store growth factors, causing biological changes in the cells.
Painful sex and fibroids
Nearly 3 in 4 women experience pain during sex at some point in their lives, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. For some, pain is a temporary problem, but for others, it is a long-term problem. In this case, it may be a sign of a problem, such as fibroids. Most women don’t know they have fibroids because they don’t have symptoms, but if they do, they may experience abdominal pain or discomfort during sex, according to the UK. National Health Service.
Fibroids located near the cervix or other sensitive areas can cause pain when deeply penetrated, says Dr. Jain. Also, if fibroids are large, they can press on the pelvic organs, causing discomfort or pain during sex.
How can fibroids affect sex life?
Fibroids can cause pain during sex. It can affect a woman’s sex life in several ways:
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1. Low sex drive
Heavy bleeding can make sexual activity less attractive or more challenging, leading to a decrease in sexual frequency. Constant worry about bleeding can affect sex drive and reduce pleasure.
2. Pelvic pain and pressure
Persistent pelvic pain and pressure can reduce overall comfort and sexual desire. Thus, chronic pain can lead to a decrease in intimate moments and affect relationship satisfaction, says the expert.
3. Urinary and bowel symptoms
Fibroids pressing on the bladder can cause frequent urination, which can be uncomfortable during intimate moments. Fibroids can also put pressure on the bowel, leading to constipation and bloating, which can cause discomfort and reduce sexual interest.
4. Emotional and psychological effects
Dealing with fibroid symptoms can lead to stress and anxiety, affecting mental health and sexual desire. The physical changes and discomfort associated with fibroids can affect body image and self-esteem, affecting sexual confidence, the expert says.
5. Fatigue and low energy
Heavy or painful periods are another sign of fibroids. Heavy menstrual bleeding can lead to anemia, causing fatigue and low energy levels. This in turn can reduce interest in sexual activity.
6. Reduced lubrication
Hormonal treatments for uterine fibroids can sometimes affect lubrication down there. When lubrication decreases, it can cause vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse, says Dr. Jain.
What are the ways to treat fibroids to improve sex life?
Treating fibroids to improve sex life involves a combination of medical, surgical, and lifestyle approaches. Here are some ways –
1. Medicines
Medicines such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, birth control pills, and progestins can help reduce the size of fibroids and control heavy bleeding. A reduction in symptoms can lead to improved comfort during sex, the expert says. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can help manage the pain associated with fibroids, making sexual activity more comfortable.
2. Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE)
UAE involves injecting small particles into the arteries that supply the uterus to block blood flow to the fibroids, causing them to shrink. This can reduce symptoms such as heavy bleeding and pelvic pain, enhancing sexual comfort and activity levels. During a 2017 study published in Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology journal, found that uterine fibroid embolization, sometimes called uterine artery embolization, can improve sexual function and quality of life.
3. Myomectomy
Surgical removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus can be done through hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, or laparotomy, says Dr. Jain. By removing fibroids, myomectomy can relieve symptoms such as pain and heavy bleeding, improving sexual function and comfort.
4. Hysterectomy
It is a complete removal of the uterus, which can be performed through the abdomen, vagina or laparoscopy. It provides a permanent solution to the symptoms of fibroids, leading to improved quality of life and sexual health. However, it eliminates fertility.
5. Diet and exercise
Eating a balanced diet filled with colorful fruits, vegetables and whole grains and lean proteins can help manage symptoms and improve overall health. Cutting back on red meat and increasing green leafy vegetables can reduce the risk of developing fibroids, says the expert. Regular physical activity can help manage weight and reduce symptoms, contributing to better sexual health.
6. Stress management
Practices such as meditation, mindfulness, and yoga can help manage stress and improve overall well-being. This can positively affect sexual desire and performance.
7. Treatment and support groups
Contacting therapists for counseling and joining support groups can help women cope with the emotional and psychological effects of fibroids. This can help improve overall quality of life and sexual health.
Fibroids can lead to painful sex, so treating them effectively can greatly improve sexual health and overall quality of life. There are medical treatments and lifestyle adjustments you will need to make to help relieve symptoms such as pain, heavy bleeding, and pelvic pressure.
